But with 13 minutes left Henderson had to dive bravely at the feet of Mario Vrancic to keep out a Ben Godfrey header and then blocked the rebound.
The Manchester United loanee, who is yet to make his senior debut for England, then kept out a Jamal Lewis volley as the Blades made it 10 points out of 12 to go sixth in the Premier League.
The 22-year-old was an unused substitute for England’s Euro 2020 qualifying defeat by the Czech Republic last October.
Gareth Southgate’s side have friendlies against Italy and Denmark on 27 and 31 March.
“He’s got enormous enthusiasm and ambition,” said Wilder. “He wants to be England’s number one and, if he keeps playing the way he is, it gives him a great opportunity.
“I should imagine he’ll be in the next England squad. He made some really important saves for us and we’re delighted to have him.”
While the Blades are now two points behind fourth-placed Chelsea, who play on Sunday, the defeat leaves Norwich still six points adrift of safety at the bottom of the table.
The Canaries claimed their first win in five league games against Leicester last Friday before knocking Tottenham out of the FA Cup in midweek, but they now have just nine games to avoid an immediate return to the Championship.